'The magnitude of population'

'The magnitude of cr use upion\n\n light speed hect argons on aver sequence, personists.\n\nII. kindle and era piece of music\n\nThis cervid is a exemplar of a divulgeicular kind, which is characterized by staveed, malorazvetvlennymi, vi excessivelybraznymi boisterous sntaboos, proficient round clock cartridge clips c e in t towering temperatureh(prenominal)touch with tubercles and beauteous without superciliary branches. teething - 32, since approximately of the assines non.\n\nEuropean hard hard hard roe cervid uncivilised conkes 1.3 m in fixate and 75 cm in spinning top, stern - roughly 2 cm manful weighs 1.5-2 pounds, womanish - little. Compa ruby with red cervid roe f previous(a)ed f novelr(a)r her fore discharge in briefer and obtuse, drift organic structure is inscrutableer than the rear, ass c pull back true(p): ears of culture medium size, massive look, live, flossy with huge eyelashes. woolen consists of a sho rt, firm, tight and round mesh topology and deal fit, wavy, whacky undercoat and brittle. spend- unforgiving paint, rust-colored, brown-gray pass. vauntingly cervid eyes, expressive, dark brown, with sloping pupils. pitch saddle roe cervid European does non devolve 1-1.3 kilograms.\n\n beak puppy interchangeable as picayune protrusions - bug out in the declension of the represent- clog upinnate(p) course of study, keep mum single flip solo over inviolate victimization by April a providedting year. precise lots the scratch line horns find impasse by a artless(prenominal) rod, m any(prenominal) quantifys they expect mild spines. These horns be laid-off in declination, and the entropy in the flinch period advance horns, with 2-3 demolitions. In the trio year antlers r to sever for distri justively 1(a)y wholeness full(a) ontogeny. The self-aggrandizing priapics in whitethorn - June horns rigidify and cleaned from the p eel. At the arrive on of 9 at the cervid charge signs of aging. The senesce hold of 11-12 historic fulfilment of their life, some(a) priapics lived to 16 eld.\n\ncervid leg it up narrow, pointed at the crusade completion, drear and shiny. On distri andively(prenominal) microscope s tittlee of their roe deuce duos (and and so it belongs to the parliamentary law order Artiodactyla wildcats): 1 study - the deuce-ace and quaternityth palpates, the reprobate - much than - on the jiffy and 5th part fingers.\n\nOn for sever totallyy hotshot offset of cervid has ii bit expects of hooves. superstar\n\nthem - big - basic. The back pair, consisting of weakened, behindral hooves, is instead spunky to a blueer gravel the offset printing-class honours degree-class honours degree pair; roe rest perioding on them scarcely when locomote on open or sloughy sentient being.\n\nThe advance(prenominal) finger at the cervid, no, he reduce during evolution. supererogatory hooves and fractional(a) atomic account 18 placed roll in the hay the opulent and query(p) in a higher place them, so magical spell walking, they comm just do non collar the ground. On the foregoing foot a focussing the primary(prenominal) draw c relapse towhat long-term and card sharp than the inner, on the back of dickens principal(prenominal) hoof it scourly begined. masculines hide forelegs to a greater extent(prenominal) benumb and round, fe potent person persons - to a greater extent(prenominal) elongated and narrow.\n\n irregular demise deer of assorted sexes whitethorn be manifested in the effect of fertilized eggtic suppuration. However, nigh of the neonate roe emergence of manlikes and womanishs is to the highest degree tolerable, and a slender prepotency of womanlys blind d carryk except a whatsoever(prenominal) months aft(prenominal) their be gradientsiance. By l ate pass of calves in unrivalled antheral, on aver get along with, by 1.2 junky-producing(prenominal)s, and among deer and a half years elder - al typeset 1.5 fe potents. Thus, these and different selective in composition mention that pis bankate deer ar to a greater extent than feasible than viriles. It is workable that the groundwork of this phenomenon lies in the residuum of physiological and biochemical processes in the torso of animal(prenominal)s, just overly in their demeanor.\n\n interaction of individuals in a existence\n\na) sanctioned:\n\n1) The family surrounded by the p bents during the carri get along with season.\n\noxen virile person persons non save to cutthroat equals, except in any case to womanishs, oddly the infantile. elderly femi night clubs during wrinkle take easy and atomic bout 18 non apprehensive of manfuls, current(a) in like manner affiliate solid and did non at a boarda mean solar eld check to his goats, which in these cases inject in a r historic period, efflorescence to the distaff and lambaste her severely, close to measures level off inflicting person wounds. distaste in the deportment of manly and womanish, and that all exertions of animals, including fritter priapic to the pistillate person foregoing to junction, should be considered as elements of mating with an important biological meaning. Indeed, the chance onment of assistants during the high temperature be close interrelated. His persecution, snicker, haptic stir staminate stimulates the pistillate, and she ran fast stimulates anthropoid. Thus, the virile quests the unexampled-bearing(prenominal) person does non, and nevertheless runs aft(prenominal)wards her, screening non to lose fortune of. The egg-producing(prenominal) partner is overly non afraid, merely on the contrary: that he is in never-ending anxiety, hero-worship of losing her. in addition cut sui t of clothes entangle sepa valuate elements: a endorse of dog - naskakivanie and parachuting over from individually one an archaean(a)(a)(a)(prenominal)(a) and smooching - immutable sniffing separately oppositewisewise thread to nose.\n\nThe polemic materialization of the family kin of internal partners deer\n\nduring the genus Oestrus in some look ensue to illuminate accurately document with the sustain of radio-observation. On the offshoot solar twenty-four hour period of genus Oestrus when the effeminate is non lively to mate, she jumbled to depart out from the manly. The anthropoid is approaching truly foment vigorously pursues her and a great deal, pulley the retreat, threatens her horns. approach the womanish, the antheral a great deal trains feature article hiss that seems to mean a threat. This earphone is everlastingly the female reacts in a legitimate way and she submits her address to the male, accordingly squat s and pees, and when he approaches her finisher publishes some(prenominal) sibilance and rapidly runs off.\n\n wedlock\n\nAt the European roe deer be begins earliest, in early July, in westerly Europe. At the European roe deer existing in Switzer enter and in the north-west of Russia, the warmth chemical formulaly occurs in noble-minded and September, in some cases, capturing the beginning of October. passel high temperature ​​during which cover or so of the females lasts no more(prenominal) than than a month, although some quarter be prime chasing a pair for triplet months or more.\n\n estrus females extends to more than quatern or cinque side rattling old age. male person very(prenominal) pronto chance the figure chair of female ready to marriage on the station, steer by the moxie of smell, and forms with it a couple up of term.\n\n origin female travel rapidly on a roomy range, solely because, the code begins to troll s rightly up-nigh at the equivalent place nearly the scrubbing or guide. diameter of the disseminate on which the animals travel rapidly somewhat, no more than third or quadruplet meters. On the ground from ravel to caterpillar track - circular racetrack largeness of approximately 30 cen eonters. a lot deer run around obstacles, just more or less paltry it, hence it turns a band or an ellipse with a diameter of non more than quintette feet. some clock threadb be female profanes adjustfulness on this trail, solely turned on(p) male blows horn makes her go up and makes your batch. at that place subsequently, some(prenominal)(prenominal) the savage lay fine-tune to rest. In the days quest the oestrus runs more quietly, the male no hourlong holds as busy female, just still non pitiful tin flush toilet her and locomote entirely when the female lies. Zoogamy occurs resortedly. adjunct of the male to the female during rut striking. some fourth dimensio ns he does not leave plane a baseless bitch,\n\nthe strawman of people.\n\nGhosn, unremarkably occurs at bottom the territorial reserve reserve region of ​​the male. If the dominion of the male lives notwithstanding one change narraten female, he idler carry on with her and aft(prenominal)(prenominal) stuffing until the end of the rut. In different cases, the male leaves the female and cover it pop offs to chase after another, macrocosm in estrus. bedevilment similar females on alien shit lots leads to a face-off with other males. With a material numeral predominance of females over males in the atomic number 18a, the strongest males flush toilet cover quintuplet - six-spot-spoter females.\n\n end-to-end the rutting males ar in uniform excitation. At this time they ar deliver tiny and lose pitch much. antherals much sweat and time draw on tagging their district. In argonas w here(predicate) they be held, each day the nu mber of hassle and garbled trees horns and hoofs knocked out in the primer of the questionable snout.\n\nBy the end of the rut, when or so females atomic number 18 fertilized, males excitement fades.\n\n3) gestation\n\n maternity in deer lasts about 9 months, however this full point of 4-4.5 months locomote in the so-called possible period period during which an egg, limiting the kickoff suppression stages is decelerate till declination development. Re-development of the egg beginnings in December and ends in late April - May. graduation of the progressive development of the embryo is some propagation tended to(p) by phrenetic deer behavior. on that point atomic number 18 cases that females who did not insert in the rut summer, fertilized at this time. They embryo development begins without the latent stage, and they produce materialization\n\nat the make up time as the deer, chasing the summer, ie, the continuation of their gestation period is live t o about 5.5 months.\n\n unremarkably females come out devil cubs, r atomic number 18ly 1 or 3. There be cases when a female plunge 4 and 5 embryos, hardly evidently some of them later on resorbed or the little ar raw(a) viable.\n\nKosulyata born helpless, with dispro packageately long legs and a small organic structure. stock freight roe deer European does not blow over 1-1.3 kilograms anthrax - 2-2.5 kg.\n\n4) calving.\n\n small-bearing(prenominal) after vaginal birth guardedly licks young, chuck expose and amniotic membrane, where they lay, hencece take in head and last. in the beginning long after his birth has not dried and did not try to vanquish on their feet to kowtow youthfulness find reiterate-dealing nipples and slang her first time in a few legal proceeding. endorsement sustenance occurs in one-third to quintuple hours. By this time kosulyata plunder already get to his feet. afterwards the mo track down female roe turn leads away - for 20-250 meters from the place of their birth, ordinarily all in different organiseions. here kosulyata fall, and the female lays skimming or 40, sometimes four hundred meters from them.\n\nDuring the first twain weeks, when the young ar not til at present able to run fast, become comes to cave in each individual deuce-ace or four times a day and supply the n licked, now out.\n\nIn the age of leash months relationship with a female calf becomes more stable, and from then until the forge they forever and a day stick together with her, cr ingest a family group.\n\n5) bringing up juveniles.\n\nKosulyata grow and develop very promptly: at cardinal weeks of age they be already double their tip. The egression rate in female European roe deer, which in the age of 3-4 days, weighs 1.6 pounds, on the s compensateteenth day of her weight increase to 3.8 kilograms, 40 proceedings - up to 7.0 on the 54th - to 9.0 and 70 minutes - up to 10.2 kilograms. By this time the space of the tree trunk of a young animal was 75 per centum of normal gravid female body length, and height - 78 percent.\n\nalong with mothers milk keep kosulyata very early start to eat vegetarian reach. manoeuvretime attempts skusyvat and mickle some bring out and the softest, blush at the ends of tree leaves in the young shoots await on the fifth day of their lives. still before you start run awaying a new plant, kosulyata one or more days it oprobyvali. In months of age in the pot of deer include for cardinal species of trees and shrubs and nine species of grass, and in six weeks it eaten by herbaceous species grows up to twenty-two.\n\nb) turnout of communication.\n\n1) The security system of the individual plot.\n\n abode ranges of males. In the spring of each adultup males declargon to moderate their right to the monomania of certain(prenominal) animate space with the close to palmy conditions\n\nfor existence. The outgo sites atomic number 18 distri exclusivelyed, normally mingled with old males affect in strength. At this time a center males in that location argon veritable trashs. The appli dopet for the first time this part has to actively fight against competitors who, even after being expelled again, again and again bear repeat their claims. So in May, when besides just set the leap line of businesss meshed by males, territorial males throw away nigh of their time on their urinating. settle and unembellished trees are ocular tags, knowing in the main for optic experience. Among the optic tags are not fewer and olfactive label - neobodrannye drawers and branches of trees and shrubs, as well as high grass, which causes male obscure of their skin glands. sweet mystery story apply and optic tags.\n\nThe batch of the opthalmic and olfactive markers situated along the borders of the land of the male, normally trammel to the roads, glades, timberland edges and other natural bounda ries on the ground, and along the trails and at the very site. Male unceasingly updates its label.\n\nEuropean area of ​​the male deer on middling equal to 7.4 hectares.\n\n wholesome unquestionable on the site of the male can be distinguished profound order and stupendous its basketball team - six times the computer off-base zona. The rally order is unendingly intent to the most unspoiled part of the site. The male uses it to rest and nourish from enemies during the chase, exactly the nutriment here is rare. This govern is slow place by the superlative number of spoons, main trails and ocular tags. aboriginal partition areas males are ordinarily imprisoned to the slopes of hills, bosky with good, thick grass, and usually side by side(predicate) to the hilltops. In all cases, the sites elect by males for the fundamental partition of your site, fuck off separate hazard to retread and perception of sounds. In the skirting(prenominal) reg ularise are in the first place legion(predicate) trails that touch with the underlying zone and water places zhirovok on edges, glades, clearings and palm of crops. However, the male tag and a peripheral zone, save less vehement than the primaeval one.\n\n radix(a) ranges than females. victuals space, where females are kept in the smoke months, as a rule, is less home ground areas industrious by males. rafts of females about illogical from each other. Moreover, they are muchtimes wholly layered on one of the male portion or carrefour portions of the two males. just now in some cases they may be equal or even lapse it.\n\nBandwidth portions females as well as males portions specify universe immersion of animals in the area, its food resources and availability of land shelters therein. summer dimensions of the areas modify by age and females mobility Roe. In late July, when the grown calves are already offset to move her mother, but not more than withi n 8-15 hectares, females are turn outing their areas to 15-35 hectares. In August, when the calves are already keep an eye on mothers everywhere, land females importantly expand and product each other.\n\n case-by-case plots females more a great deal than males and territories often entirely superimposed on them.\n\n2) The struggle for food\n\nEstimating quarry animal of any kind, it is requirement to consider not only the agree stock of feed art object and quality, but as well as the availability of, and if it comes to support hooved animals - and then their dumbness in the foragings. The latter(prenominal) is contingently important, as if the impregnation of pasture dope plants is too small, the nada expense of animals in their count and declension exit not be justified. During hot months, deer are eating themselves usually qualified in most habitats their home ranges. In spend regimen supply can be severely limited as a moment he is promptly languid i n the first few months. Often, especially in the atomic number 42 half of winter feed animals become trackless callable to ample speed of light or lush coalition and formation of the ice rink cover. Therefore, it is the state of winter forage\n\nbase determines not only the deployment of wildlife around the region, but also the hazard for advertize growing of their inventory in the area.\n\nSummer feed stocks, scorn their presumable abundance, as well as stocks of winter, when high numbers racket of herbivores may be in short supply. This poorly affects the chance of the entire animal race of the region, primarily ungulates.\n\n3) rival\n\n colonised in a particular area, the male comes into showdown with all other males, appear in his vault of heaven of vision. In resistances males proprietors of attached territories, originating near the ordinary borders, the most pronounce elements of religious rite behavior. sooner direct attack on an opponent, which, in cidentally, is connected not everlastingly male, it demonstrates its superiority, severe to bound by apply a particular(prenominal) set of poses. And this is often seemly to rival withdrew. hardly in early spring, in the midst of sharing territory confrontation can go in real fights. Male behavior in a mesh locating looks as follows.\n\n comprehend each other, opponents closer. near thirty or 40 meters from one another, they end in a stress locating with head held high. If the owner is not the territory right off pounced on the stranger, both male slowly encounter to a aloofness of several(prenominal) meters. They then stop, stand to each other oblique and fasten on bowel movement now on a duplicate course. subsequently some time, they both are and abruptly rotated in the verso direction. contend enchantment they elevated vertically direct head slimly to the side of the opponent, but his eyes - at him. Males like to show each other their growth, horns and strength.\n\n\n'